Purpose
- Below are common questions health departments may receive from the public about West Nile virus (WNV).
- Use the answers below and key messages to craft answers to questions.
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Questions and answers
Does my blood type provide natural protection from WNV?
Your blood type will not prevent mosquitoes from biting or protect you from WNV infections or disease. Some research suggests mosquitoes may be more attracted to people with certain blood types, but this preference varies by species.
Am I at risk for WNV?
Anyone can get infected with WNV and develop severe illness, but the risk increases with age. You are also at a higher risk if you have:
- Certain chronic medical conditions, such as:
- Cancer
- Diabetes
- High blood pressure (hypertension)
- Kidney disease
- A weakened immune system due to health condition or medication. For example, certain drugs used to prevent rejection of transplanted organs or treat cancers, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory conditions weaken the immune system.
What are the risks to my baby if I am pregnant and have WNV?
A woman who is infected with WNV during pregnancy can possibly transmit the virus to her baby, but the risk is low. Only a few cases of WNV infections in newborns have been reported. Women can lower their risk of getting infected with WNV by wearing protective clothing, using insect repellent to prevent mosquito bites, and taking other preventive measures.
If I am pregnant, can I still use insect repellents?
Yes. Protecting yourself from mosquito bites is the only way to prevent infection with WNV. In addition to wearing protective clothing such as long-sleeve shirts and long pants, use insect repellents. Repellents containing active ingredients which have been registered with the EPA are considered safe for pregnant and breastfeeding women.
For more information, see Preventing Mosquito Bites.
Can I get WNV from my loved one with the disease?
No. WNV is not spread through casual contact such as touching or kissing a person with the virus.
Can I get WNV through medical procedures?
Risk of transmission through medical procedures is very low. All donated blood is screened for WNV before being used. The risk of getting WNV through blood transfusions and organ transplants is very low and should not prevent people who need blood transfusions or organs from receiving these life-saving measures. If you have concerns, talk to your doctor.
What should I do if I think I have WNV?
Mild WNV illness typically improves on its own, and people do not necessarily need to seek medical attention. However, they may choose to do so to be tested and know why they are ill. If you develop symptoms of severe WNV illness, such as unusually severe headaches, or confusion, seek medical attention immediately. Severe WNV illness usually requires hospitalization. Pregnant women and nursing mothers are encouraged to talk to their doctor if they develop symptoms that could be caused by WNV.
Are there vaccines available to prevent WNV?
No. While there are vaccines approved to reduce the risk of infection in horses, there is currently no licensed vaccine for people.
How can I prevent WNV?
The best way to protect yourself and family from WNV is to prevent mosquito bites.
- Use EPA-registered insect repellent when spending time outdoors.
- Wear long-sleeved shirts and pants when possible.
- Limit time outdoors at dawn and dusk when mosquitoes are most active. If you must be outside, be sure to an EPA-registered insect repellent and protective clothing when possible.
- Install or repair screen on your windows and doors to keep mosquitoes out.
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